fermentation

발효

And micro-organisms' effects on food and drink are not restricted to fermentation of the ingredients.

Out of a pickle

Fermented foods could help biologists understand bugs better

https://www.economist.com/science-and-technology/2015/03/28/out-of-a-pickle?ah=607477d0cfcfc0adb6dd0ff57bb8e5c9&zid=314